A proposed roundabout at Baxter Ave. and Broadway. (Courtesy Nicholas Seivers)
A proposed roundabout at Baxter Ave. and Broadway. (Courtesy Nicholas Seivers)
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[Editor’s Note: Nicholas Seivers is an urban planner and long-time supporter of Broken Sidewalk and the Urban Design Studio. In his spare time, he reimagines the city through his planning lens. He is currently working with TARC on long-term planning and is owner of the Louisville-based planning and design company Urban Composition.]

I took the opportunity over the holiday break to examine the design possibilities of a traffic circle, or roundabout, at the intersection of Baxter Avenue and Broadway. I arrived at a formal treatment of the space. This is a 50 year plan for the intersection that I would like to share with the Broken Sidewalk community.

To begin the exercise, I drew the traffic circle, or in this case an oval, that fills the space available at this intersection. The importance of the intersection and the demands of traffic circulation require a large roundabout. This design incorporates the entrance to Cave Hill Cemetery into the architecture of the new roundabout, while retaining enough area on the gas station lot to develop.

A proposed roundabout at Baxter Ave. and Broadway. (Courtesy Nicholas Seivers)
A proposed roundabout at Baxter Ave. and Broadway. (Courtesy Nicholas Seivers)

This is a volumetric exploration of the space. The buildings are designed to the scale of the space.

In this scenario, the block bounded by Baxter Avenue, Broadway, Rubel Avenue, and Rogers Street, is entirely re-imagined. The disregard of existing structures is partially because of the quantity of remaining structures (decreasing), the quality of remaining structures (decreasing), and the difficulty of designing around buildings from a distance. If the current structures are left to fend for themselves for the next several decades, given prevailing trends for this block, there may be few structures left worth incorporating into redevelopment designs. In any event, this scenario assumes a long horizon for completion. For this exercise, this block is a clean slate.

Structures, ranging from six stories in height at the roundabout down to two stories at the corner of Rubel Avenue and Rogers Street, frame the block. The buildings step down from Baxter Avenue to Rubel Avenue. On the interior of the block I have located parking decks a story above ground. If additional parking is necessary, I prefer it to be a story underground. For the most part, parking in this block is intended to serve the entertainment and commercial establishments in the district. Parking for residential units in this plan should be substantially less than the regional standard of two spaces per unit. The availability of transit and proximity to employment, entertainment, and other activities such as coffee shops and parks create an opportunity to reduce living area square footage and parking area (which would be a savings to both resident and builder). Many of the units in this block are intended to be attractive to those who wish to live close to the energy of the River City.

A proposed roundabout at Baxter Ave. and Broadway. (Courtesy Nicholas Seivers)
A proposed roundabout at Baxter Ave. and Broadway. (Courtesy Nicholas Seivers)

The centerpiece of this plan is the six story building that dramatically sweeps around the southwest side of the roundabout to a point at Broadway. This is a prestigious address. The building form reflects the stature of the improved intersection. So of course, in case there was any doubt of the rent in this building, a pool is located on the roof.

The prevailing characteristics of this plan include first, and sometimes second floor, non-residential uses including offices, boutiques and Phoenix Hill 2. New residents would find shops and restaurants just downstairs and all of the strengths of Phoenix Hill, Cherokee Triangle, and the Highlands just around the corner. Roof top amenity areas provide another escape close to the homes of the new residents. The rooftop retreats could include anything from a members only pool to a lounge chair and flower pot. Like most of the units, the rooftop doesn’t have to be fancy or elaborate to add to the concept. Most of the design detail is in the facade. The shape of the intersection informs the building layout. Once the shape of the circle was established – this is a cliche’ – the design emerged naturally. The buildings are designed to the scale of the space.

A proposed roundabout at Baxter Ave. and Broadway. (Courtesy Nicholas Seivers)
A proposed roundabout at Baxter Ave. and Broadway. (Courtesy Nicholas Seivers)

That concludes the Circle at Baxter and Broadway concept presentation. Assumptions and additional design details are discussed below.

The strength of my argument for a circle at this location is based largely in design. This is a formal treatment of a signature intersection in Louisville. The church, the cemetery entrance, the gas station, the warehouses, the night club are all set back from the intersection. None of the existing buildings face the intersection. This is a complicated intersection to think of filling-in with buildings. This is a complicated intersection for travel, as well.

A traffic circle will slow traffic through the intersection, but still allow traffic to move through the circle. The circle here is made as large as is possible to retain the Cave Hill Cemetery entrance to the east and a buildable lot to the west. The long sides of the ellipse are intended to extend the intersection to increase capacity. The long sides of the ellipse are also determined by the recommendation for this intersection where aesthetics also increase the real estate frontage on the traffic circle. The east side of Baxter Avenue will not change use or increase intensity. It is a park like setting that terminates Broadway. The design of the signature building takes advantage of the ellipse. Management of vehicles is an inescapable component of this concept, but design has an elevated and reciprocal role here.

I actually imagine that signals will still be needed with a traffic circle at this location. It is not possible to increase the distance between Baxter southbound and Broadway westbound, or Baxter northbound and Cherokee Road eastbound. That closeness may produce a conflict. Instead of a pure traffic circle, the redesigned intersection could work well with a hybrid between an intersection with diverter and a traffic circle. Only two signal changes would be necessary, illustrated below. The turns (two total) that are difficult with one signal are permitted with the alternate signal. A delayed signal to allow the two turns that have to yield in this arrangement could allow vehicles to clear the intersection before the signal changes. The forgiveness of the traffic circle component would still allow a few wandering vehicles to go around the circle.

Proposed traffic behaviors in the traffic circle. (Courtesy Nicholas Seivers)
Proposed traffic behaviors in the traffic circle. (Courtesy Nicholas Seivers)

Slower vehicle speeds would allow bicycles to operate in traffic. The continuous movement of vehicular traffic, however, will require some extra awareness of pedestrians in the intersection. The redesigned intersection should indicate to drivers that something special is ahead. The enclosure of the space should also indicate that they have arrived somewhere worth paying attention to. This is a good thing for the City, and travelers to or across the space by foot, bike, or car.

Ultimately, it is through design that I am attempting to convey a need to redesign the intersection. This fix includes aspects of city building that also include vehicular commuting.

On street parking is retained in most of the same areas where convenient, front door spaces are located currently. Additional spaces and loading zones are provided in the rear of the proposed structures. Parking decks above and below ground may also be necessary for residents and patrons of the Circle at Baxter and Broadway.

A proposed roundabout at Baxter Ave. and Broadway. (Courtesy Nicholas Seivers)
A proposed roundabout at Baxter Ave. and Broadway. (Courtesy Nicholas Seivers)

The auto filling and service establishments, like all current tenants of the plan area could be included in any redesign. A new Phoenix Hill Tavern could open in the same location as the current location. Besides the update to the venue, it could benefit from additional openings to the street like those of the Irish themed establishments further south.

Some of the frontage of Cave Hill Cemetery will be borrowed to complete the ellipse at this intersection. As far as I am aware the most significant features here are the low limestone wall, the iron fence, and the mature trees. I don’t believe – but I do not know – that historic designations or other artifacts will be disturbed if this area is redesigned. The trees are mature and could fail or require management long before this project is completed. The trees are disproportionately dense for the space. They obscure the entrance to Cave Hill and block out the sun. Filtered sunlight and managed landscaping would have a better effect at the edge of an urban space. I suggest with this plan that the wall and fence are moved back to create a small plaza to respond to the space on the north side of the church on the circle. Cave Hill would be accessed directly from the new roundabout with signed yields.

Windows, ornamentation, and street trees are not shown in this sketch. Visualizations of the Circle at Baxter and Broadway were created using Google Earth and Google Sketchup by Nicholas Seivers, Urban Composer.

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Branden Klayko

6 COMMENTS

  1. Brilliant. Amazing.
    Particularly intrigued by potential of design to calm traffic at a location where rush hour motorists are now inclined to “punch it” in hopes of saving 10 seconds of their day.
    One critique, the “prestigious address” with the rooftop pool, might attract suburban transplants but betrays the neighborhood’s value of sustainability. I see that building as a LEED gold building with a rooftop garden/solar panels. Or an old school big windmill like the Moulin Rouge, only it would need to face South, I think that’s where our winds come from?
    This feel reminds me of Columbus Circle by Central Park, or Colfax in front of Rocky Mountain Times building in Denver. Anyway, I’m a fan. Great vision.

  2. More floors? I say fewer floors on those imagined buildings. As imagined, they dwarf the Church of the Advent and the Cave Hill entrance.

  3. Makes a nice entrance for the Original Highlands/Highlands and promotes Phoenix Hill and Irish Hill. Interesting. I think the scale is good.

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